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Phage Display Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS) Service

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Phage display is a fantastic discovery tool. It can help your team search billions of possible antibodies or peptides and narrow in on those that bind to your target. But after all the work you put into doing the panning and selection, the most crucial question remains: how do you reliably find the absolute best candidates hidden in your final sample? Researchers traditionally selected a few dozen clones to sequence individually with Sanger sequencing over many years. But this approach is like finding a needle in a haystack by only grabbing a few handfuls of hay. You might get lucky, but you will almost certainly miss the most valuable discoveries. Many high-affinity binders are often less abundant in the final pool and are completely lost. Phage Display NGS lets you get a complete, high-resolution picture of your results. Our modern approach takes phage display sequencing from a game of chance into an exact, data-driven science. Here at Creative Biolabs, we provide a suite of custom services based on phage display, including phage display next-generation sequencing. Our service is built to take the guesswork out of identifying the best candidates, save you valuable time, and ensure you find the most promising candidates to move forward in your research. Phage Display NGS service can be used for a broad range of research and development applications, including:

Overview of Phage Display & NGS

Phage display is a versatile technique where a library of peptides or antibodies is displayed on the surface of bacteriophages. These phages can then be screened for their ability to bind to a specific target, enabling the identification of strong binding candidates. Phage display sequencing allows researchers to sequence these binding phages and decode the genetic information, providing valuable data about the sequence and affinity of the displayed peptides or antibodies. Next-generation sequencing enhances the phage display process by simultaneously allowing for high-throughput, parallel sequencing of multiple clones. This integration of phage display with NGS technology improves the depth and accuracy of sequencing, enabling comprehensive analysis of phage libraries, identifying rare clones with high specificity, and ultimately providing a deeper understanding of the binding interactions.

The Problem with Old-School Sequencing Methods

The classic method for identifying the winning binders has been Sanger sequencing. While it was an excellent technology for its time, it has significant limitations for modern phage display projects:

  • You can only realistically sequence a few hundred clones. If your enriched pool contains thousands of unique binders, you will miss most of them. Your best candidate could easily be overlooked.
  • Sometimes, phages that simply grow faster—not the ones that bind the best—can take over the final pool. Sanger sequencing might repeatedly identify these "fast growers," leading you to focus on the wrong candidates.
  • Sanger sequencing tells you if a sequence is present, but not how abundant it is or how much it has increased during selection. You can't rank your candidates based on performance.
  • Picking and sequencing individual colonies takes a lot of time and effort, delaying the next steps in your project.

These limitations mean you might make critical decisions based on incomplete or misleading data, wasting valuable time and resources.

The NGS Advantage: A Better Way to Analyze Your Results

Phage display NGS solves all of these problems by sequencing millions of clones from your enriched pool at the same time. This deep and comprehensive approach transforms your analysis from a guessing game into a precise science.

Fig.1 A comparative plot showing peptide frequencies with two y-axes: Sanger sequencing on the left in blue and NGS on the right in black, demonstrating the sampling bias of the Sanger method. (OA Literature)Fig.1 Plot comparing peptide frequencies from Sanger sequencing and NGS.1

Feature Traditional Sanger Sequencing Modern Phage Display NGS
Data Scope A small, random sample (100s of clones) The complete picture (Millions of clones)
Data Quality Qualitative (Yes/No) Quantitative (Frequencies, enrichment data)
Candidate Discovery High risk of missing the best binders Identifies all candidates, including rare ones
Accuracy Can be biased by fast-growing clones Accurately identifies true high-affinity binders
Insights Basic list of a few sequences Ranks all binders by performance, reveals patterns
Efficiency Slow and manual Fast, automated, and streamlined

Service Details: What Our Phage Display NGS Service Includes

Our phage display next-generation sequencing service is a full-spectrum offering designed to streamline your peptide or antibody discovery workflow—from initial library preparation to bioinformatic sequence interpretation. Whether you are working with immune libraries, synthetic peptide scaffolds, or VHH formats, we provide flexible, customizable modules to support every stage of your phage display sequencing campaign.

Library Input & Preparation

We accept a wide range of input formats, including:

  • Enriched or naïve phage display libraries (M13, T7, or others)
  • Pre-selected phage pools from multiple biopanning rounds
  • Recombinant libraries targeting specific epitopes or domains

Clients can ship enriched phage particles or directly submit extracted phagemid/plasmid DNA. We also provide optional in-house biopanning, phage amplification, and DNA extraction services to ensure consistency across the pipeline.

NGS Library Construction

Following DNA extraction, our team performs optimized library preparation to ensure compatibility with Illumina or Ion Torrent sequencing platforms. Key steps include:

  • Target region amplification using high-fidelity polymerases
  • Adapter ligation and barcode indexing (multiplexed if needed)
  • Quality control via Bioanalyzer and qPCR

We tailor library prep protocols based on whether the displayed molecule is a single-chain variable fragment (scFv), Fab, VHH, or random peptide.

Next-Generation Sequencing Execution

We use high-throughput short-read sequencing technologies, with the following options available:

Sequencing Platform Read Type Read Length Typical Output
Illumina MiSeq Paired-end 2 × 300 bp 1M–25M reads
Illumina NovaSeq Paired-end 2 × 150 bp 100M+ reads
Ion Torrent Single-end 200–400 bp Custom

Coverage depth and platform are selected based on your project's complexity and diversity needs. High-diversity libraries or earlier panning rounds may require deeper sequencing.

Phage Display Sequence Analysis

This is where the real value of our phage display NGS service comes into play. We provide complete bioinformatic analysis tailored to your experimental goals, such as enrichment profiling, clone tracking, and epitope clustering. All data is delivered in human-readable reports, machine-processable formats, and an optional annotated visual dashboard.

Deliverables

By choosing Creative Biolabs' Phage Display NGS Service, you will receive:

  • Customized phage display library tailored to your specific target or research goal
  • Accurate, high-throughput sequencing with minimal error rates
  • Comprehensive bioinformatics analysis
  • Expert consultation available to help interpret the results and guide your next research steps
  • Rapid processing from library construction to data delivery

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How It Works: Our Simple, Streamlined Process

We've designed our service to be easy and efficient, so you can focus on your research.

Step 1: Send Us Your Samples

You simply provide us with a small amount of your phage pools from each round of panning. Our team will consult with you to understand your project goals and ensure everything is perfectly set up.

Step 2: We Prepare and Sequence Your Library

Our expert lab technicians handle everything from here. We extract the DNA, prepare it for sequencing using our optimized protocols, and run it on state-of-the-art Illumina sequencing platforms. This generates millions of high-quality data points for analysis.

Step 3: We Perform In-Depth Data Analysis

This is where the magic happens. Our robust bioinformatics pipeline, explicitly designed for phage display, processes the millions of raw reads. We identify all the unique sequences, count them, and analyze their enrichment from one round to the next.

Step 4: You Get a Clear, Actionable Report

We deliver a comprehensive yet easy-to-understand report. It includes a ranked list of top candidates, helpful data visualizations (like graphs and charts), and all the supporting data. We'll schedule a meeting to review the results and help you plan your next steps.

Why Choose Our Phage Display NGS Service?

  • Advanced Technology: We use the latest NGS platforms to provide the highest quality sequencing data.
  • Customization: Our service is tailored to fit the needs of your specific project, whether it's a small-scale antibody discovery or an extensive peptide library screening.
  • Expert Support: Our team of scientists and bioinformaticians works with you throughout the process to ensure you get the most out of our service.
  • Comprehensive Data: Our service covers the entire process, from library construction to detailed analysis, ensuring you receive a complete and actionable report.

Creative Biolabs offers a comprehensive phage display next-generation sequencing service that enables researchers to use the tools needed to identify high-affinity ligands, peptides, and antibodies for their specific targets. With our expertise, cutting-edge technology, and tailored solutions, we are committed to helping you accelerate your research and achieve your scientific goals. Suppose you want to enhance your phage display study and gain deeper insights into your library sequences, partner with us. Our team is ready to assist you in every step of the process, from library construction to data interpretation, ensuring you have the support and resources needed to succeed. For more information or to request a quote, contact us.

FAQs

Q: Do I need any special reagents or preparations before starting the service?

A: No special preparations are required from your side beyond providing a phage display library. However, if you have specific requirements, such as unique targets or custom libraries, please inform us, and we will accommodate those needs to ensure the best results for your research.

Q: How do you ensure accuracy in sequencing and avoid bias in PCR amplification?

A: We optimize primer design, minimize amplification cycles, and apply stringent quality control during library prep. Additionally, we include technical replicates and unique molecular identifiers when necessary to reduce PCR bias.

Q: Is your Phage Display NGS service suitable for clinical diagnostics development?

A: Our service is designed strictly for research use only. While it can support preclinical discovery and candidate screening, it is not intended for clinical diagnostic use or regulatory submission.

Q: How do I get started with your Phage Display NGS service?

A: Just reach out through our contact form or email our team. Once we understand your project goals and sample availability, we'll prepare a tailored quote and shipping instructions to initiate the process.

Reference:

  1. Sell, Danna Kamstrup, et al. "Using NGS to uncover the corruption of a peptide phage display selection." Current issues in molecular biology 46.9 (2024): 10590-10605. Distributed under Open Access license CC BY 4.0, without modification. https://doi.org/10.3390/cimb46090627

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